And yet people persist with a tree model for language.

I don't see a migrant learning the language of the new home as a moral obligation, but nevertheless as a positive thing to do.

I do think it is a moral obligation, to as much as is possible, not to be a financial burden on your neighbors. which usually means being gainfully employed. What kinds of customer-facing jobs can a person be employed in if they don't know the language that most of the customers speak? Of course, those are not the only kinds of jobs there are; but they are the most commonly available ones, especially for people without a lot of education. If you are jobless because you can't speak the local language, and subsist on a subsidy from the state; and to "preserve your culture" you place impediments on your children (maybe just your daughters? ) learning the local language, then at some level you are doing something wrong.

Also, there is the consideration - are you there as a refugee who intends to return home? In which case you may be considered to be a guest, "atithi devo bhava" applies, etc., Or are you there as a migrant who wants to stay permanently with the rights of a citizen or permanent resident? In that case, you are no longer a guest, and "atithi devo bhava" does not apply. (Context: quoting Balu - Consider the famous Sanskrit verse: ‘Atithi Devo Bhava’. It tells us of the ethical obligation that the arrival of a ‘Guest’ (one who comes unannounced) imposes on the host. The latter should treat the guest as a Deva. The host does not and cannot impose any obligation of any sort on the Devas; instead, he is obliged to the Devas that they have come to his abode.)

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-06-0...
Quote: Banks responsible for about half of India’s internal trade have joined a consortium that aims to introduce blockchain technology in order to speed up processes and reduce hurdles to approving new loans.

Fourteen local banks have signed up for the India Trade Connect consortium, which hired the Bengaluru-based software firm Infosys Ltd. to develop a blockchain platform for loans that back trade transactions within India, according to Abhijit Singh, head of technology at ICICI Bank Ltd., one of the consortium’s founders.

“From the banks’ point of view, business will increase and transactions will happen in scale” once blockchain is adopted, Singh said, adding that the 14 consortium members account for more than half of India’s internal trade transactions. According to the U.S consulting firm Celent, those transactions are worth about $2.45 trillion annually.

Third comment: http://www.languagesgulper.com/eng/Khotanese.html
One distinguishing feature of Khotanese is the presence of retroflex consonants, absent in other Middle Indo-Iranian languages.

Calling Khotanese "Middle Indo-Iranian" is linguist bullshit.

This is likely clearly a case of Sakas invaded India ~100 CE, and Indian languages spread back into the original Saka homeland. But because linguists' classification names follow their theory, they call it "Middle Indo-Iranian".

Second comment: The Wiki article says "Many Prakrit terms were borrowed from Khotanese into the Tocharian languages."

This is very strange. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prakrit
The Prakrits (/ˈprɑːkrɪt/; Sanskrit: प्राकृत prākṛta; Shauraseni: pāuda; Jain Prakrit: pāua) are any of several Middle Indo-Aryan languages formerly spoken in India.[2][3] Texts written in these languages date from the 3rd century BC to the 8th century AD or later.

Why would words originating in Prakrit have some special property to be passed from Khotanese to Tocharian (attested 6-8th century AD)? Either Khotanese influenced Tocharian or the Prakrits did.

All writing seems to be from the 4th century CE onwards. We're talking about the language from 500 years earlier.

Among white America, the predominant ancestry is German. Where are the traces of German in American English?

What language did the Indo-Scythians (Saka) bring with them? They invaded 100 BCE - 100 CE. The official calendar of modern India is based on the Saka era. Where is the trace of the language they brought with them? Only on very general grounds is it said that they spoke an Indo-European (Iranian clade) of language.